002. Cybersecurity Threat Landscape

(1) The Hats Hackers Wear

(i) White-hat hackers

: Authorized attackers, who act with authorization and seek to discover security vulnerabilities with the intent of correcting them.

(ii) Black-hat hackers

: Unauthorized attackers with malicious intent

(iii) Gray-hat hackers

: Semi-authorized attackers, who fall somewhere between white- and black-hat hackers

(2) Threat Actors

(i) Unskilled attackers

: Script kiddie, who use hacking techniques but have limited skills.

(ii) Hacktivists

: Hackers, who use hacking techniques to accomplish some activist goal.

(iii) Organized Crime

: Organized crime appears in any case where there is money to be made

: Cyber-dependent crime, Child sexual abuse material, Online fraud, Dark web activity, Cross-cutting crime factors

(iv) Nation-State attackers

: Nation-State attackers hack into either foreign governments or corporations.

: APTs (Advanced Persistent Threats)